Hi!
Welcome Florian!
You should publish to 
XXX/XXX/topic/command and subscribe to 
XXX/XXX/topic/response in your MQTT broker.
The command expected by Ferduino Controller is 
NOT a JSON but the response is a JSON.
You should look to 
Webserver.h to see the values expected to each function or you can play with Ferduino Web Interface and a 
MQTT client to see the conversation and learn how it works.
Here the command to get time and date from controller:
Where:
2 is the function ID;
0 is the mode;
0 not used in this case;
0 not used in this case;
K is the terminator for command line.
The response should be a JSON like:
{
   "date": "2019-06-10",
   "time": "15:57:25"
}
To save the date and time the command is: 
2,1,2019,06,10,16,03,25,K
Where:
2 is function ID;
1 is save mode in this case;
2019 is year;
06 is month;
10 is day;
16 is hour;
03 is minute;
25 is second;
K is terminator.
The response for this command should be:
Best regards. 
 -------------------------------- Last edited Mon Jun 10, 2019 4:14 pm  -------------------------------- 
 Regarding the translation, can you send me a 
pull request on Github?